{"id":"W2906902247","doi":"10.1007/s11090-018-9948-5","title":"A Novel ICP Torch with Conical Geometry","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Torch; Plasma torch; Plasma; Inductively coupled plasma; Conical surface; Argon; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Ionization; Excitation; Chemistry; Atomic physics; Optics; Physics; Ion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002799252,0.0004913989,0.0005645422,0.00002213704,0.0001882179,0.0002006911,0.0003612165,0.0004364608,0.00206838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002297233,0.0004330274,0.00007285734,0.0002941964,0.0002534688,0.0002197547,0.0001869818,0.0007887381,0.00005337852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000136696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003316329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005402519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001085455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973726,0.000008603027,0.0004719312,0.000929945,0.000537164,0.000679715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984676,0.000372616,0.0002213679,0.0003989834,0.0001379741,0.000401426],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004834032,0.0001898081,0.01928746,0.004393182,0.0001420762,0.00004870965,0.000178642,0.0000566635,0.9659494,0.00003359857,0.00003645815,0.009200659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002333544,0.00001967184,0.0001381151,0.0006553915,0.00009060446,0.0008332953,0.0005524227,0.02189485,0.9649899,0.00004089291,0.007607313,0.0008440142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9106497,0.0001377921,0.001577347,0.0001349455,0.00002706171,0.00006191823,0.00001992672,0.0001671162,0.08722423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9516536,0.0000205614,0.03736233,0.00005408065,0.0001512288,0.00002357136,0.00007153294,0.00006081905,0.01060226],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07662197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01923836247415961,"score_gpt":0.258015847250817,"score_spread":0.2387774847766574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}