{"id":"W2907814030","doi":"10.1109/tii.2018.2890002","title":"On Cyber-Physical Coupling and Distributed Control in Smart Grids","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cyber-physical system; Smart grid; Distributed computing; Computer science; Transmission (telecommunications); Distributed generation; Grid; Coupling (piping); Representation (politics); Power control; Control (management); Electric power system; Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Renewable energy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001288295,0.0001605128,0.0002062388,0.0001453393,0.0001300734,0.00005205323,0.00009633086,0.0001936446,0.00001898367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001459527,0.0001491096,0.00004487098,0.0002922724,0.0001268294,0.0002224904,8.289122e-7,0.0006061252,0.00006166102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007835027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002579437,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001930943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003353369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991443,0.00001112855,0.000338342,0.00007567248,0.0001788804,0.0002516642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999473,0.0002170214,0.00003170813,0.0001515453,0.0000285797,0.0000981486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002257051,0.0001715652,0.00009152994,0.00003831904,0.00006601523,0.000003679781,0.002441965,0.9893489,0.0002504171,0.0003267527,0.001417976,0.005617131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00239272,0.0003550396,0.0001043872,0.0001141448,0.00002670945,0.00000582237,0.0003375126,0.9872427,0.007746555,0.00006810771,0.001362726,0.0002435494],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8361323,0.000003033143,0.1615303,0.00005518352,0.001379959,0.0002331655,0.00012327,0.0001319919,0.0004107575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995944,0.00001333586,0.00003559033,0.00007407784,0.0002385765,0.00001853935,0.000004980518,0.00001170278,0.000008744029],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1634621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6080514,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01614743898306465,"score_gpt":0.2267139302486719,"score_spread":0.2105664912656072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}