{"id":"W2908078625","doi":"10.1029/2018gl081274","title":"Warming Effects of Spring Rainfall Increase Methane Emissions From Thawing Permafrost","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Pacific Northwest Research Station; National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Permafrost; Environmental science; Tundra; Wetland; Methane; Soil water; Global warming; Atmospheric methane; Greenhouse gas; Radiative forcing; Thermokarst; Snowmelt; Hydrology (agriculture); Spring (device); Climate change; Atmospheric sciences; Snow; Arctic; Geology; Soil science; Ecology; Oceanography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001740154,0.0001264508,0.0001493678,0.0001714209,0.0002174343,0.0003208251,0.0001249231,0.0001658848,0.00259146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002244365,0.0000864594,0.0001871926,0.0001374768,0.000145663,0.0002138517,0.0002748873,0.0002895584,0.0001221381],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003200495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001663843,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003889007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005354012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999357,0.00001323688,0.000003771778,0.00001943813,0.000008175222,0.000019524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998209,0.00007475781,0.00003746011,0.00001283814,0.00002124184,0.00003295323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008292955,0.0001379024,0.7088889,0.0001341831,0.0001571302,0.0003565667,0.0002855247,0.003212734,0.271752,0.0003532897,0.0005675663,0.01332494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005187558,0.0000566501,0.991608,0.000004231176,0.0000178965,0.00004873564,0.0001285862,0.001176638,0.006348627,0.0001320616,0.0004699285,0.000003479867],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984011,0.0001078699,0.0001671302,0.00004660447,0.000005374816,0.000002436686,0.000232009,0.00002052899,0.001016879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996719,0.00002915382,0.00006968033,0.00001814705,0.000003825072,0.000001811755,0.00007315345,0.00000269741,0.0001294987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003889007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008669317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03782632328377082,"score_gpt":0.2959893349199445,"score_spread":0.2581630116361737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}