{"id":"W2909512929","doi":"10.1080/00220272.2018.1563632","title":"Teaching and learning philosophy in Ontario high schools","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Curriculum Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; Brock University; Institute for Christian Studies; University of Toronto","funders":"Office of International Science and Engineering; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Brock University; U.S. Department of Justice","keywords":"Curriculum; Philosophy of education; Flexibility (engineering); Philosophy education; Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Teaching philosophy; Sociology; Teaching method; Focus group; Psychology; Higher education; Social science; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00178994,0.00005741098,0.0001942536,0.00008919164,0.0003009895,0.00004223201,0.00007919355,0.00002923328,0.0000716327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008854786,0.00004457211,0.0000317044,0.00007543434,0.00005319211,0.0002083193,0.00003406901,0.0008607726,0.00001364764],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002611899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001799489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009003844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008944981,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990143,0.0002487437,0.000240921,0.00007108453,0.0002883905,0.0001366041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994803,0.0001680485,0.0001181776,0.0000265787,0.0001455486,0.00006133585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000444423,0.00008569445,0.8323498,0.00001915542,0.00005637096,0.000007925505,0.1038131,0.000009379377,0.00001189072,0.06019001,0.0005406782,0.002911542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009270444,0.0002313071,0.484892,0.001102278,0.00003674942,0.00001308042,0.2974115,0.00000258711,0.000004173446,0.09962896,0.1154541,0.0002962093],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9745274,0.0006953437,0.000003516056,0.01274864,0.0006533351,0.00005147156,2.681266e-8,0.000005934126,0.01131438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948436,0.0002163009,0.001965009,0.0002909772,0.000165052,0.000001118657,7.264916e-8,0.000002729997,0.002515132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3474578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975953,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02977852377857992,"score_gpt":0.3357401000132409,"score_spread":0.305961576234661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}