{"id":"W2911548107","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04044","title":"Heteroatom Removal as Pretreatment of Boiler Fuels","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Deoxygenation; Chemistry; Coal; Sulfur; Liquefaction; Waste management; Coal liquefaction; Hydrodesulfurization; Hydrocarbon; Boiler (water heating); Flue-gas desulfurization; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Catalysis; Environmental chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001057627,0.0003478651,0.0002386948,0.0002034669,0.0001937805,0.000259243,0.0002092724,0.0003675235,0.0009515692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001082666,0.0001586987,0.0002219543,0.0002070312,0.0001518037,0.0001857092,0.0001804795,0.0003860989,0.0003073537],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001977764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001534531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001126791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003314766,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998955,0.000008742013,0.00000601862,0.00002570104,0.00003778583,0.00002639754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999638,0.000006739234,0.000006854436,0.000004172714,0.00001202214,0.000006393675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000379431,0.000009693192,0.00006955424,0.00004519291,0.000003185396,0.00004222446,0.00001130975,0.0001430452,0.9984655,0.00004454745,0.00001975217,0.00110797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002094582,0.0001072739,0.0004772648,0.000002309802,0.000005308495,0.00003194847,0.00001014591,0.000420201,0.9982487,0.00001208668,0.0006801292,0.000002499538],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918619,0.0009602802,0.004368118,0.00005276476,0.00003650826,0.00003730814,0.0001700505,0.00006552636,0.002447496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938023,0.0008568715,0.003306191,0.00002552726,0.000005217594,0.00001374199,0.0001548638,0.00002234067,0.001812934],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001126791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003183305,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006668314036444951,"score_gpt":0.2036877094286454,"score_spread":0.1970193953922005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}