{"id":"W2911948357","doi":"10.20944/preprints201810.0126.v1","title":"&amp;nbsp;Brine-Dependent Recovery Processes (Smart-Water/Low-Salinity-Water) in Carbonate and Sandstone Petroleum Reservoirs: Review of Laboratory-Field Studies, Interfacial Mechanisms and Modeling Attempts","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Killam Trusts; Government of Canada; University of Calgary","keywords":"Brine; Carbonate; Petroleum engineering; Enhanced oil recovery; Geology; Carbonate rock; Petroleum industry; Oil field; Environmental science; Geochemistry; Chemistry; Sedimentary rock","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002501766,0.0007665577,0.001534878,0.0004277875,0.00006935117,0.00004231881,0.0006006871,0.0005548852,0.00008905154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001010822,0.0006803158,0.0001179861,0.0001731004,0.0001103712,0.0003273845,0.00289075,0.00128599,0.00003621757],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002976492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001138099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003009847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007844614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959035,0.0002510956,0.001485132,0.001223224,0.0004924496,0.0006446047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977936,0.0001734343,0.0001949689,0.001105198,0.0005803655,0.000152503],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009903937,0.0004697714,0.03080353,0.3412068,0.002245538,0.0001290752,0.01165362,0.03893541,0.5718907,0.00004105194,0.0002200337,0.001414171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005183098,0.0001155657,0.0001518926,0.03512425,0.0001514631,0.00001208972,0.000128276,0.001881371,0.9552357,0.005340575,0.0003307672,0.001009716],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776722,0.0164598,0.003078304,0.0001337027,0.0006726863,0.0009601849,0.00008513845,0.0004864286,0.0004515956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8683981,0.1296166,0.001091548,0.0001036591,0.0001003615,0.000429666,0.0000528817,0.0001304958,0.0000766357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3833451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0783544704616672,"score_gpt":0.3375734743891792,"score_spread":0.259219003927512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}