{"id":"W2912971118","doi":"10.5539/elt.v12n3p178","title":"The Potential of Sentence Trees in English Grammar Teaching","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Grammar; Sentence; Psychology; Test (biology); Schema (genetic algorithms); English grammar; Reading (process); Mathematics education; Linguistics; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002387056,0.0002057601,0.0002891758,0.0001853635,0.0002020075,0.00009269344,0.0004868959,0.0001348799,0.004335802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00130606,0.0001631081,0.0001470612,0.0001282623,0.00006120974,0.0002240881,0.0001027051,0.001501085,0.00007896472],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004838936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001790184,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009103147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009041696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973235,0.001047727,0.0004502371,0.0003946011,0.0002819287,0.0005020172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983822,0.0006490006,0.0002038972,0.0006515957,0.00004249061,0.00007088856],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001443811,0.0001964515,0.006862421,0.00002152175,0.00009139289,0.0001952043,0.8594683,0.0003550106,0.008947805,0.01549323,0.0005441618,0.1076801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001850545,0.0001326494,0.01440928,0.0001351325,0.00002527773,0.0000259971,0.9712139,0.0004391335,0.0002104527,0.00005515681,0.01112043,0.0003820107],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9209797,0.00232792,0.0001545562,0.00004280992,0.002008524,0.0002271779,0.000005849308,0.0002097625,0.07404366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946196,0.000002576239,0.0002707655,0.0004796243,0.000792582,0.00001541797,0.0000267751,0.00004128672,0.003751357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1117456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965743,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005060665445754188,"score_gpt":0.2674748239910896,"score_spread":0.2624141585453354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}