{"id":"W2913129411","doi":"10.1016/j.jecp.2018.12.007","title":"Young readers’ skill in learning spellings and meanings of words during independent reading","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Dalhousie University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Reading (process); Reading comprehension; Vocabulary; Linguistics; Learning to read; Test (biology); Cognitive psychology; Word recognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000976985,0.000301773,0.0002633417,0.0006624209,0.0001929173,0.001160362,0.000291623,0.0005718681,0.004009391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01116039,0.0004401034,0.0002099487,0.000287489,0.0004276847,0.00118547,0.0005751331,0.0007805396,0.00145308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002006625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003265812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002636236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005359175,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996063,0.00005548534,0.00004640928,0.00009589257,0.0001330865,0.00006288278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920682,0.005011116,0.001161568,0.0004353818,0.0008542905,0.0004693548],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00395692,0.002334493,0.4643793,0.0006541964,0.0002151125,0.003249851,0.04583326,0.0007490963,0.3376758,0.0007978014,0.001887343,0.138267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002857414,0.0007097131,0.9803201,0.00003658838,0.00005104813,0.0005238856,0.003336394,0.000421167,0.01343348,0.0002754632,0.0008387216,0.00002479722],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974732,0.00006755834,0.0001547385,0.00001359558,0.000005891349,0.00001174611,0.00007362237,0.00001233166,0.002187332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962853,0.00009728684,0.0003323343,0.00002288195,0.000003509135,0.00002764384,0.0001705896,0.00001074595,0.003049613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004009391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01341277,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01031656622806815,"score_gpt":0.3094216063326177,"score_spread":0.2991050401045496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}