{"id":"W2913404164","doi":"10.5539/elt.v12n3p139","title":"A Survey Study of the Dictionary Use Sub-strategies of English Majors in Saudi Arabia: Dictionary Related Aspects","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bilingual dictionary; Software portability; Computer science; Machine-readable dictionary; Data dictionary; Reading (process); Arabic; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Linguistics; Mathematics education; Psychology; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009527762,0.0002305276,0.0003926365,0.0002626717,0.0002482118,0.00008657787,0.0002857756,0.00007610021,0.0002536195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009501722,0.0001684497,0.000160208,0.000214281,0.0002033649,0.0007117908,0.0001547285,0.0007333761,0.000002496268],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003816424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004434126,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008573119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01615767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977449,0.0007685169,0.0005409808,0.0003116272,0.000377035,0.0002569287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984062,0.000614907,0.0002839338,0.0004569717,0.000207778,0.00003015876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004156206,0.0005825583,0.2016646,0.00005590519,0.0001831115,0.00001742103,0.7876395,0.0001339953,0.00007439367,0.00924795,0.0001993536,0.0001596861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009410185,0.0002051083,0.3109471,0.0001577411,0.00004366348,8.416023e-7,0.6867845,0.00001477106,0.00004869833,0.0001196474,0.0005548113,0.000182128],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9472222,0.0008734904,4.230976e-7,0.000007531626,0.001707321,0.0005211883,0.00009182832,0.0001266276,0.04944936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988887,0.00001139845,0.000005260824,0.00001911373,0.0003896297,0.00001886607,0.00003564026,0.00002991611,0.000601426],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1092825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01367826924660558,"score_gpt":0.2235959396881965,"score_spread":0.209917670441591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}