{"id":"W2913577054","doi":"10.3390/chemengineering3010018","title":"A Comparative Study of Ultrasound Biodiesel Production Using Different Homogeneous Catalysts","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemEngineering","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Transesterification; Biodiesel; Biodiesel production; Methanol; Catalysis; Ammonium hydroxide; Organic chemistry; Canola; Chemistry; Homogeneous; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002324004,0.0003969156,0.0003627927,0.0005304306,0.0001590383,0.0003644968,0.0003059507,0.0003097612,0.00079359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004143679,0.0001331033,0.0003130056,0.0005398049,0.0001903188,0.0003680522,0.0002612332,0.0003421928,0.0002684542],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001606693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001159364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006802496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008164374,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997204,0.00003196632,0.00003229773,0.00005734541,0.0001082115,0.00004977145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997581,0.00007354661,0.00003366137,0.00002477068,0.00008390519,0.0000261112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001469432,0.00003327322,0.000166335,0.0001161887,0.000008436183,0.00006123765,0.0000396582,0.0001763008,0.9935976,0.00006984447,0.00002576398,0.005558375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000579241,0.0003439626,0.001181228,0.000004751992,0.00002339731,0.00004609324,0.000031574,0.0006476159,0.9967,0.00001372657,0.0009975586,0.000004296335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914322,0.002942348,0.002408126,0.00003294975,0.00002061551,0.00002298715,0.0001420105,0.00004693284,0.002951837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932168,0.002148527,0.00238337,0.00001554261,0.00001631303,0.00002119122,0.0003067456,0.00003120964,0.001860273],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002654791,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02607493209447775,"score_gpt":0.2460293201474826,"score_spread":0.2199543880530048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}