{"id":"W2915690632","doi":"10.1145/3287324.3287419","title":"The Relationship between Prerequisite Proficiency and Student Performance in an Upper-Division Computing Course","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Language proficiency; Mathematics education; Class (philosophy); Course (navigation); Computer science; Quarter (Canadian coin); Psychology; Medical education; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008373071,0.00007570068,0.00008919156,0.0000493638,0.0002346395,0.0002361321,0.0004697884,0.00003265598,0.000001125192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002971214,0.00004964503,0.00001453664,0.0002584255,0.00002734209,0.0003692622,0.0002288681,0.0002161711,0.00003300162],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001543843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005461148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000579613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990488,0.0000822184,0.00018919,0.0002454323,0.0002319641,0.0002024492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991453,0.0003727745,0.00006265072,0.0003349979,0.00003619642,0.00004812229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[3.97051e-7,0.00002208212,0.9782753,0.000005343842,0.000001110431,2.685997e-7,0.0005430285,0.0008231838,0.000003124643,0.01089761,0.000001911239,0.009426627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001094705,0.0001037902,0.7045702,0.00002598333,0.000001340454,6.106362e-7,0.0001120562,0.2947612,0.000003343716,0.0002226072,0.0000324161,0.00005698747],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919591,0.00005692659,0.005854836,0.001285819,0.00006476604,0.0001302862,1.484459e-7,0.00006178636,0.0005863443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965529,0.000003744004,0.002770796,0.0000350225,0.00002893121,6.321414e-7,0.000001241896,0.000003916688,0.000602789],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.293938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2277028,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02557226601646264,"score_gpt":0.3362031269161323,"score_spread":0.3106308608996697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}