{"id":"W2916116668","doi":"10.1002/0471140864.ps1707s58","title":"Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in Biology","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Protocols in Protein Science","topic":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Atomic force microscopy; Nanotechnology; Nanoscopic scale; Resolution (logic); Nanometre; Biomolecule; Materials science; Microscopy; Biological materials; Biological system; Physics; Optics; Computer science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006009821,0.0001494367,0.000167483,0.0002785294,0.00012377,0.00009103235,0.0006155981,0.00003096379,0.00006802974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001910961,0.0001428862,0.00003233625,0.001415233,0.0001951647,0.0002581703,0.0001036157,0.0002281178,0.00004781448],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000156378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001628322,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003983085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002711175,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984285,0.00002817347,0.0003458748,0.0006128086,0.0001195725,0.000465055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993204,0.000005593473,0.00009352595,0.0004354666,0.00006072798,0.00008426619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000167124,0.0001995131,0.004070539,0.000008515999,2.762423e-7,6.340363e-8,0.0001019883,0.00001927079,0.8112403,0.1037576,0.0002656106,0.08031957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004173445,0.0001907041,0.002374254,0.0002331115,7.553648e-7,4.044605e-7,0.00001953583,0.0003224895,0.8553842,0.09092846,0.04985326,0.0002754694],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7400038,0.00002436631,0.1035779,0.002575031,0.000146122,0.1519806,0.00002248668,0.0001155496,0.001554067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8624052,4.062662e-7,0.01152963,0.00004947294,0.0002514566,0.1256378,0.000007328312,0.000007939166,0.0001107865],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1224013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5826729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01771492224409982,"score_gpt":0.4094119873141041,"score_spread":0.3916970650700043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}