{"id":"W2917529407","doi":"10.3390/educsci9010045","title":"Exploring Secondary Students’ Alternative Conceptions about Engineering Design Technology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education Sciences","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; McGill University","funders":"Université du Québec à Montréal; McGill University","keywords":"Curriculum; Mathematics education; Science education; Next Generation Science Standards; Scientific reasoning; Technology education; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Pedagogy; Psychology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00559482,0.0008180969,0.0005151515,0.001916224,0.002777527,0.009221809,0.001512871,0.002076644,0.005882293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008541625,0.0004623748,0.0005866854,0.0008795463,0.005407975,0.001976937,0.002284431,0.003590261,0.0007352515],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008900886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007843704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05586295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09977578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963819,0.001172952,0.0001658763,0.0003657844,0.001400155,0.0005133218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911999,0.004474386,0.001025051,0.0003853115,0.001894117,0.001021224],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002786341,0.001478732,0.1451888,0.000515392,0.00004600135,0.002684319,0.679164,0.004561733,0.02695542,0.06198239,0.005407969,0.07173663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001120755,0.001064525,0.1069166,0.0008074649,0.00007397425,0.002281495,0.6376245,0.01205652,0.01144625,0.03009804,0.1972445,0.0002741014],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.975295,0.0001782669,0.004579755,0.0007271502,0.00001678423,0.00009417717,0.00005473721,0.00002239092,0.01903176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880619,0.0002936097,0.003041508,0.0001957364,0.000004230577,0.00005697516,0.00007734895,0.000008761171,0.008259826],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05586295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1110756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2856178825837634,"score_gpt":0.4546490611378342,"score_spread":0.1690311785540708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}