{"id":"W2919899038","doi":"10.1007/s11440-019-00786-x","title":"Hydraulic variations in permafrost due to open-pit mining and climate change: a case study in the Canadian Arctic","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Geotechnica","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission; University of Calgary","funders":"Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission; Areva","keywords":"Permafrost; Groundwater; Hydraulic conductivity; Tailings; Geology; Groundwater flow; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering; Soil water; Hydrology (agriculture); Glacier; Flow (mathematics); Ground freezing; Soil science; Geomorphology; Mechanics; Aquifer; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008963507,0.000141984,0.0002033746,0.0002730561,0.0002447977,0.0002838649,0.0004513491,0.00008115263,0.00118432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005076455,0.0001117422,0.00001683122,0.0006194753,0.00002187574,0.0003125451,0.0000878529,0.0002087508,0.0001216843],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002690234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007425532,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8601077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9978196,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986929,0.0001321441,0.000215326,0.0003346676,0.0001438558,0.0004811275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991704,0.0002290913,0.00004285299,0.0003805652,0.00001852908,0.0001586076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001174039,0.00003952515,0.9798908,0.0000127226,0.000003200948,0.001761495,0.01527512,0.00003610212,0.00001167877,0.00001166197,0.0001057833,0.002840157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003957748,0.0001971365,0.9849522,0.00004234761,0.000009938044,0.0009905883,0.008745349,0.001989639,2.505731e-7,0.00002204813,0.002479695,0.0001750659],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895528,0.00007827624,1.062358e-7,0.005281666,0.00009306742,0.00169244,0.001188912,0.00001123688,0.002101497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967539,0.00004020277,0.00002786297,0.002803994,0.00004368213,0.0000507512,0.0002591365,0.000005912284,0.00001454323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1377118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997287,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05590024263532838,"score_gpt":0.2831684776501335,"score_spread":0.2272682350148051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}