{"id":"W2921206978","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.158","title":"Reduced consumption of materials and hazardous chemicals for energy efficient production of metal parts through 3D printing of sand molds","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"University of Queensland","keywords":"Environmentally friendly; Sand casting; 3D printing; Casting; Hazardous waste; Automotive industry; Mold; Production (economics); Process engineering; Process (computing); Environmental science; Waste management; Manufacturing engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Metallurgy; Composite material; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008128823,0.0002894452,0.0002603242,0.0004060968,0.0001635179,0.000452057,0.0003310646,0.0002676504,0.001896352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001415506,0.0001651656,0.0005329494,0.0003299818,0.0001334782,0.0002375188,0.0002825088,0.0002903803,0.0005127782],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002498011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002906373,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008817947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002866391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999867,0.00000781102,0.000006101286,0.00001640743,0.00007544965,0.00002727372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999212,0.00001271919,0.0000229165,0.00001442224,0.00002117971,0.000007601207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001377351,0.0000471498,0.0005120061,0.0001119305,0.00001169088,0.0001027579,0.00002220451,0.001655585,0.9828532,0.0003005695,0.0001253313,0.01411974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004739811,0.0001036852,0.0018809,0.000003725842,0.00001696458,0.00006255248,0.00001350311,0.00425038,0.9922404,0.00004194196,0.001374753,0.000006536593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824625,0.000682716,0.01218855,0.00004375878,0.00004197351,0.00001787229,0.0001774482,0.0003026673,0.004082511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906961,0.0003009037,0.00649758,0.00001855709,0.00000354323,0.000008435406,0.0001013952,0.00003141876,0.002342127],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001896352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006343901,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01670808912765209,"score_gpt":0.235891409377227,"score_spread":0.2191833202495749,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}