{"id":"W2921529380","doi":"10.1002/aps3.1229","title":"Patterns and biases in an Arctic herbarium specimen collection: Implications for phenological research","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applications in Plant Sciences","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Ottawa; Canadian Museum of Nature; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Trusts","keywords":"Herbarium; Phenology; Biology; Taxon; Botanical garden; Climate change; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006424916,0.00006447909,0.00008350036,0.0001022787,0.0002874931,0.00006970642,0.0002873589,0.00004502995,0.002231191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004596809,0.00005482064,0.00001167231,0.0009629672,0.0003145689,0.0001743587,0.00009954147,0.00008747196,0.0001038775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002671314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001642961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006538039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006185059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989464,0.00004525612,0.0001512912,0.0004037222,0.0001573939,0.0002959243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993432,0.0003728169,0.00003055539,0.0001795494,0.00001383981,0.00006001583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004866007,0.0001286711,0.9833682,0.00000422247,4.510576e-7,9.999093e-8,0.0001333465,0.00006067243,0.001116379,0.01452562,0.0003534268,0.000304011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001574833,0.00009995963,0.9883315,0.000007088577,9.767363e-7,0.000004570657,0.003077791,0.0006754913,0.0001216588,0.002934946,0.004507756,0.00008080014],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917938,0.0000264709,0.00008778709,0.001520015,0.00002335859,0.000845763,0.0001286876,0.00001719501,0.00555693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998712,0.00008007317,0.0001790545,0.00007422863,0.00001184368,0.0007341653,0.00008572832,0.000002697418,0.0001202235],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01159067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986809,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2024085735808892,"score_gpt":0.3794825562178133,"score_spread":0.1770739826369241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}