{"id":"W2921867562","doi":"10.3390/su11061627","title":"Global Shale Revolution: Successes, Challenges, and Prospects","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Coal and Coke Industries Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Oil shale; Directional drilling; China; Estimation; Petroleum industry; Shale gas; Natural resource economics; Fossil fuel; Business; Shale oil; Unconventional oil; Drilling; Petroleum engineering; Economy; Environmental science; Geography; Economics; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Waste management","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003254,0.0001340506,0.000186098,0.00002800835,0.00009088876,0.00003980994,0.0001898824,0.0001336782,0.0004568111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004808604,0.0001194832,0.00004389885,0.0002683159,0.0001584202,0.0001842853,0.0002888265,0.0001694581,0.00005221659],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009521636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004030887,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003380348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00183936,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985452,0.0000994056,0.00016536,0.0004543646,0.0002865831,0.0004490622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987383,0.00006091225,0.00003045182,0.000511075,0.0005198741,0.0001393678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001505094,0.0001352405,0.2412175,0.000609092,0.00001873653,0.00003015856,0.0001784302,0.00003247132,0.000004180983,0.6172268,0.000460107,0.1399368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005074932,0.0002003271,0.5866286,0.00001399013,0.00000574196,0.0000169071,0.001290634,0.00009199561,0.00002832919,0.184847,0.2261625,0.0002065232],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9048324,0.009864733,0.000003607522,0.007151511,0.0001177343,0.0006066714,0.000007518997,0.0001188308,0.07729702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933332,0.0003196237,0.00001157529,0.00002350337,0.0001070695,0.00003974385,0.000005384295,0.000007882155,0.00615199],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4323798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5110098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01650130159314691,"score_gpt":0.2790199329141032,"score_spread":0.2625186313209563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}