{"id":"W2922139831","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2000.033","title":"Use of a Biofilter for Treatment of Heavy Metals in Highway Runoff","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Urban Stormwater Management Solutions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Stormwater; Biofilter; Surface runoff; Suspended solids; Environmental science; Heavy metals; Filter (signal processing); Environmental chemistry; Sediment; Environmental engineering; Adsorption; Total suspended solids; Waste management; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Geology; Wastewater; Engineering; Ecology; Chemical oxygen demand","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002722142,0.0001104846,0.0002888642,0.0001984574,0.0001377782,0.00005295597,0.0002599782,0.00004756602,0.005092046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003997119,0.00007006968,0.0001877638,0.0002281528,0.0003779504,0.000431053,0.00009179695,0.0001029796,0.0001645931],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004023718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001570489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002762139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002470658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972356,0.0006488207,0.0006244445,0.0002163705,0.0007021822,0.0005725932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992936,0.0001535615,0.00006409467,0.0003208013,0.00004019712,0.0001277864],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004101076,0.00853492,0.3087362,0.0002475113,0.0008485118,0.00009412382,0.02221875,0.005695569,0.5556886,0.000910042,0.02777498,0.06514969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004601434,0.002804089,0.2132367,0.00008652698,0.00007276497,0.00003137725,0.0003692911,0.0007469843,0.4219602,0.006339334,0.349275,0.0004763206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974365,0.00003668608,0.0001682038,0.001055483,0.00003557569,0.0004745118,0.00003945863,0.000006256117,0.0007472805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868492,0.0001079489,0.002229644,0.00002021109,0.00003450822,0.00004339893,0.00000890724,0.00001177711,0.0106944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9958174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3059164312437971,"score_gpt":0.412248331592647,"score_spread":0.1063319003488499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}