{"id":"W2927518299","doi":"10.1007/s43441-019-00061-x","title":"Choosing Estimands in Clinical Trials: Putting the ICH E9(R1) Into Practice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Generalizability theory; Clinical trial; Psychology; Causal inference; Management science; Medical education; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.334618,0.002827361,0.009718444,0.003653229,0.001829433,0.006967471,0.005937882,0.01037915,0.008250639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.6590039,0.002848503,0.004711972,0.003224367,0.01224309,0.01026222,0.007901215,0.02150368,0.001497123],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003073537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01102231,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003464339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003347145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.5287726,0.4379595,0.009801364,0.01031085,0.0121252,0.001030562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.1398127,0.8303871,0.006687082,0.01693925,0.004698954,0.001474819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00259065,0.0002879158,0.004501896,0.00280767,0.002137162,0.0005591162,0.001203072,0.04334062,0.0004056997,0.7000087,0.01372233,0.2284352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007073056,0.000309763,0.0004962876,0.0006679018,0.000325767,0.00009714745,0.00009528017,0.06187559,0.0003565732,0.9297261,0.005287604,0.00005468293],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.003974412,0.004239232,0.9677861,0.01840303,0.0004665493,0.0004848468,0.0002035085,0.0002248518,0.004217495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1716725,0.003634113,0.8100858,0.007980899,0.001577052,0.00197589,0.0002674883,0.0003520928,0.002454028],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.665382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8205345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5758803589607833,"score_gpt":0.5856898343720771,"score_spread":0.009809475411293844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}