{"id":"W2930232721","doi":"10.3390/met9040394","title":"Fluid Flow Control in a Billet Tundish during Steel Filling Operations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metals","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Sistema Nacional de Investigadores; Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional","keywords":"Tundish; Caster; Water model; Superheating; Volume of fluid method; Continuous casting; Mechanics; Liquid steel; Turbulence; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Casting; Metallurgy; Bubble; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001583113,0.0001308444,0.0002648733,0.00008073106,0.00002967557,0.00005020858,0.0001170344,0.00005948049,0.000807933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002322571,0.0001102582,0.0000709357,0.0001597736,0.000008442891,0.0001705126,0.00001723531,0.0001248296,0.0003297668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003744022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007272871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009938699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004309737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992399,0.00002167858,0.0002521516,0.0001527295,0.0001113204,0.0002222701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996923,0.00003934095,0.00001109651,0.0001855079,0.00001968353,0.00005207951],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004625362,0.00001436326,0.00004182926,0.00007433003,0.00004006767,0.000003877631,0.00006081535,0.950584,0.04856654,0.0004268152,0.000005691742,0.0001770849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007069047,0.000008629516,0.0005326974,0.00002461232,0.00001284212,0.00000330354,0.00001943899,0.996216,0.0007250974,0.00008125827,0.001516564,0.0001526327],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9660629,0.0007059105,0.02820822,0.00005066436,0.0002025354,0.0002623206,0.00001857173,0.0001180431,0.004370823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982508,0.00006510854,0.0008713419,0.00005381709,0.00004847145,0.00002884719,0.00001043278,0.00003013078,0.0006410336],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04784144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006610110287442991,"score_gpt":0.1951718810676663,"score_spread":0.1885617707802233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}