{"id":"W2931491590","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0214787","title":"Neonicotinoid insecticide residues in subsurface drainage and open ditch water around maize fields in southwestern Ontario","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Insect and Pesticide Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Grain Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Neonicotinoid; Thiamethoxam; Clothianidin; Ditch; Environmental science; Imidacloprid; Acetamiprid; Sowing; STREAMS; Tile drainage; Drainage; Pesticide; Surface water; Toxicology; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Biology; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004575615,0.0001184164,0.0002577948,0.00002493843,0.00006770103,0.0002022526,0.0003387479,0.0001209207,0.001903258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003095115,0.0000469446,0.00001992796,0.0001439081,0.00003409673,0.0002219493,0.0003201104,0.0003392418,0.0001439892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006678933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001946669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1846931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8024422,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987513,0.0001130472,0.0001964204,0.0002999565,0.0002249355,0.0004142953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995773,0.0002231866,0.00002526477,0.00007879028,0.00002949888,0.00006591546],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001072965,0.0002443808,0.8631379,0.00002317395,0.000009274722,0.0000202153,0.001444652,0.000002998624,0.1346771,0.00003868095,0.000004704235,0.000289601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003762264,0.0003086556,0.9779705,0.0001111977,0.000005364665,0.000001925311,0.0002912752,0.00003632196,0.01867431,0.001986803,0.00007407197,0.0001633465],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922327,0.00005414519,4.912718e-8,0.0009882028,0.00002107787,0.0005206171,0.000004162691,0.00001260732,0.0061664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951719,0.00001708066,0.00003436156,0.0001487113,0.00004500862,0.0000190991,0.0000212235,0.000001487173,0.004541109],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6177492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05904315945992773,"score_gpt":0.2375997070086467,"score_spread":0.1785565475487189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}