{"id":"W2937880823","doi":"10.3386/w24724","title":"Public Contracting for Private Innovation: Government Expertise, Decision Rights, and Performance Outcomes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Public Procurement and Policy","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Government (linguistics); Business; Public economics; Actuarial science; Public administration; Public relations; Economics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006761636,0.0002465948,0.0004467514,0.001066779,0.0004241701,0.0005428036,0.000493623,0.0002575381,0.0003673252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003873626,0.0002152241,0.00009038953,0.0003923087,0.0001812548,0.001684451,0.0004031554,0.0003068212,0.00007368736],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001135634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007744509,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004757477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009779666,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961699,0.0000137261,0.0009212571,0.0004869987,0.001938513,0.0004696538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946371,0.0006288919,0.0008336632,0.0002525091,0.003623999,0.00002378711],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001388925,0.00008744079,0.02653998,0.0005225532,0.0002073093,4.16527e-7,0.0000152788,0.000001943116,0.00002768633,0.6251572,0.3170757,0.03022559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009503606,0.00004179719,0.00966694,0.0001441807,0.00001534288,0.000002458348,0.000009740547,0.001441317,0.00006612328,0.1741002,0.8132973,0.0002643238],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1371359,0.0003377484,0.00008969157,0.005085284,0.001543226,0.001814467,0.00008697046,0.00005339599,0.8538533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845431,0.0001543553,0.0004461331,0.0003222341,0.006156289,0.0003301093,0.0004952194,0.00004865995,0.007503923],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8474072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8776582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4252470838419503,"score_gpt":0.4802197408892885,"score_spread":0.05497265704733828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}