{"id":"W2941813214","doi":"10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0068","title":"Easy Versus Difficult Grammar Rules","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Grammar; Computer science; Emergent grammar; Linguistics; Generative grammar; Corrective feedback; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics education; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009413774,0.0005345049,0.0005886173,0.0002483765,0.0005099694,0.0001695501,0.0009267959,0.0002307365,0.01039131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003280484,0.0003631082,0.0002367996,0.00004448598,0.0005058498,0.000110801,0.0002038845,0.001365068,0.0004855226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004423876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005015499,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004262382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002017992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976138,0.0005183424,0.0004325055,0.0004474248,0.0004648661,0.0005230604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977586,0.0006222823,0.0005445214,0.000862801,0.0001146768,0.0000971742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004231606,0.0001157469,0.00003201067,0.0001650496,0.0002685782,0.00001427922,0.4574171,0.000002493068,0.000004211852,0.02502732,0.5019104,0.01500047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005355065,0.0001194825,0.000004897527,0.0003897213,0.0001845718,7.199757e-7,0.03857418,0.00001422354,0.00000191772,0.00004114766,0.9596804,0.0004532208],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.005219331,0.002219846,0.00002083077,0.00002596331,0.004524196,0.000309586,0.0001048532,0.001091548,0.9864839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01298985,0.0001643839,0.0006436497,0.00007000266,0.02319729,0.00002837307,0.000223195,0.0006542522,0.962029],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.45777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998821,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01362157493892722,"score_gpt":0.2431935851499198,"score_spread":0.2295720102109926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}