{"id":"W2943014158","doi":"10.1186/s13661-019-1147-7","title":"Biological invasion in a predator–prey model with a free boundary","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Boundary Value Problems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Guangzhou University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predator; Predation; Boundary (topology); Apex predator; Mathematics; Population; Ordinary differential equation; Measure (data warehouse); Ecology; Interval (graph theory); Geodetic datum; Applied mathematics; Biology; Mathematical analysis; Geography; Differential equation; Computer science; Geodesy; Demography; Combinatorics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001158036,0.0002525173,0.000721498,0.00009909191,0.0001130846,0.00002240433,0.0002238,0.0003964231,0.0006712127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000415285,0.0001550272,0.0001085153,0.0001699004,0.0006345652,0.0001271384,0.0001887422,0.0006088389,0.0002741199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006430234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003053599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001856858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003158094,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980432,0.0001664979,0.0005025247,0.0005537493,0.0001880313,0.0005459443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987336,0.0003472134,0.00008807463,0.0005708094,0.00005053252,0.0002097333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002961154,0.001704796,0.1675174,0.001121183,0.000200646,0.0001169159,0.0009274978,0.005140149,0.001605961,0.8168077,0.001161643,0.0007348396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003343346,0.001490198,0.006596469,0.0004504892,0.00005063475,0.0001860062,0.00003183645,0.2375721,0.00007408246,0.7490472,0.0008774286,0.0002802719],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.955107,0.0004414734,0.01262912,0.002380493,0.00007282826,0.001167759,0.00001404537,0.0001139003,0.02807343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895174,0.00007973345,0.007065077,0.002026739,0.00003561652,0.0001228805,0.00003881463,0.00002461336,0.001089161],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2324319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7349308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04227841114676983,"score_gpt":0.2718737356645988,"score_spread":0.229595324517829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}