{"id":"W2943014158","doi":"10.1186/s13661-019-1147-7","title":"Biological invasion in a predator–prey model with a free boundary","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Boundary Value Problems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Guangzhou University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predator; Predation; Boundary (topology); Apex predator; Mathematics; Population; Ordinary differential equation; Measure (data warehouse); Ecology; Interval (graph theory); Geodetic datum; Applied mathematics; Biology; Mathematical analysis; Geography; Differential equation; Computer science; Geodesy; Demography; Combinatorics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008395903,0.0009040263,0.001419141,0.001076373,0.001082934,0.002126971,0.001803829,0.003022691,0.001974181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002956277,0.0006461266,0.001065642,0.0004927485,0.002781352,0.002785345,0.002545164,0.001587265,0.0003202998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009789239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007226848,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00456422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001317519,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994998,0.0001953423,0.00002376119,0.00009222005,0.00008905312,0.00009985773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986458,0.0005882658,0.000301426,0.00005757085,0.00009588314,0.0003111168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002659229,0.0002750568,0.004675575,0.0003112717,0.0001649245,0.003885929,0.0008528365,0.5470873,0.01565177,0.4203977,0.001545843,0.004885898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008435926,0.00009265971,0.0007928614,0.00002983549,0.00003659274,0.0003094837,0.0001501237,0.9433089,0.0003162518,0.05422374,0.000616209,0.00003909941],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7389811,0.002273192,0.2230212,0.003884812,0.0002389954,0.00006051177,0.0001325257,0.0001653867,0.03124223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98283,0.0004470165,0.008460579,0.0002026802,0.0001014428,0.00004893859,0.0000439064,0.00002301987,0.007842449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00456422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009075344,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04227841114676983,"score_gpt":0.2718737356645988,"score_spread":0.229595324517829,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}