{"id":"W2943190976","doi":"10.1080/17597269.2019.1594593","title":"Biodiesel as a non-aqueous medium for the synthesis of nanomaterials: relevance to metallic particulate suspensions in biofuels and their removal","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biofuels","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"College of the North Atlantic","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiesel; Nanomaterials; Aqueous two-phase system; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Biodiesel production; Aqueous solution; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Biofuel; Phase (matter); Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Waste management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000295524,0.0001604579,0.0002781163,0.00008806906,0.00006219072,0.00002880025,0.0001639622,0.00008110857,0.000044923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001908776,0.000107644,0.00005947438,0.0002569088,0.00007434419,0.00006344345,0.00005021514,0.00005797651,0.0001002234],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002148236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001830577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003017234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000276795,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991187,0.00002313678,0.000301414,0.0002452008,0.0000735372,0.0002379858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990388,0.0003863052,0.00004707608,0.000408232,0.00005499909,0.00006457629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000341304,0.00003491643,0.0001209777,0.0001605947,0.00007029621,8.333923e-7,0.0006159253,0.0001516699,0.9880458,0.0004418747,0.0003146192,0.01000834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002574353,0.00004767644,0.001068891,0.00006568339,0.00003055168,0.00002374449,0.0003505787,0.001486046,0.9312844,0.001947453,0.06321317,0.0002243448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946137,0.001165356,0.0002414196,0.002112708,0.0004096834,0.001079431,0.00007149506,0.00008687936,0.0002193233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973488,0.0006554273,0.00134158,0.00008251625,0.00007899367,0.0002906603,0.000003216415,0.00002427021,0.0001745303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06289855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4389596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01459257834700105,"score_gpt":0.2341780600937597,"score_spread":0.2195854817467586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}