{"id":"W2944514328","doi":"10.7759/cureus.4628","title":"Gender Disparity in Academic Neurosurgery","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cureus","topic":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology; Vancouver General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Graduate medical education; Neurosurgery; Accreditation; Medical education; Scopus; Family medicine; Service (business); Gender disparity; MEDLINE; Gender gap; Demography; Surgery; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007398928,0.0000376378,0.00007849943,0.00002523332,0.00006310152,0.00001512023,0.0002661326,0.00009169875,0.000858848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001579851,0.00003757171,0.00002456558,0.0001496753,0.00008925162,0.0001504574,0.00005368577,0.0002098167,0.0002697102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005103506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006667917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009429508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004016923,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992017,0.00007311857,0.00006914295,0.0001147883,0.0003477046,0.0001935471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997303,0.00007111165,0.00002011821,0.00009212879,0.00001735538,0.0000689458],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004857772,0.00001690278,0.9670392,0.000006532099,0.000002412805,0.000009056446,0.005434016,0.000004196,0.00006139983,0.01368432,0.0128421,0.0008949941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000322569,0.0000170093,0.6261427,0.00002414898,0.000009406128,5.870342e-7,0.01546374,0.00001905225,0.00002127505,0.00411029,0.3537152,0.0001540007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8693312,0.0003532553,0.000005586903,0.0009739221,0.001179703,0.00008151081,0.000001512412,0.00002778059,0.1280455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962302,0.0003010506,0.000006471537,0.001191484,0.0001508612,0.000001024241,0.000001557884,0.000002281974,0.002115103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3408965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9403784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07151461361319399,"score_gpt":0.3302119438453079,"score_spread":0.2586973302321139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}