{"id":"W2945461406","doi":"10.5840/eps201956231","title":"Epistemic Progress Despite Systematic Disagreement","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Epistemology & Philosophy of Science","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Argument (complex analysis); Philosophy; Domain (mathematical analysis); Philosophy of medicine; Mathematics; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.06883308,0.0006711787,0.001491459,0.003547767,0.007393006,0.009812522,0.002315114,0.007019436,0.005752011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1598909,0.0008016641,0.001255587,0.002125845,0.04475157,0.02954155,0.01702365,0.009709687,0.0009570207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005317824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005862856,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001246157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007728294,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9498871,0.02720052,0.003059296,0.008132301,0.009095993,0.002624825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8375428,0.0996904,0.009895184,0.03396364,0.01585711,0.003050784],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002748885,0.00001335604,0.0006452405,0.00006414625,0.00002615847,0.00008024555,0.00337075,0.0005616837,0.0001193899,0.9889246,0.001176065,0.004990815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001338393,0.000007159942,0.0001276431,0.00005427632,0.000007293143,0.00002592135,0.0003849661,0.0004557915,0.0001165814,0.9934708,0.005328605,0.000007556221],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1341008,0.006309529,0.2279148,0.1756058,0.001578745,0.0002614229,0.0004344801,0.0004759291,0.4533185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9706322,0.000912795,0.01809736,0.003995572,0.0005620478,0.0001996592,0.0001221679,0.0001017957,0.005376559],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06883308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3640285,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04281006697869233,"score_gpt":0.2712186945711267,"score_spread":0.2284086275924344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}