{"id":"W2946136433","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.010","title":"Development of microporous substrates of polyamide thin film composite membranes for pressure-driven and osmotically-driven membrane processes: A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Desalination; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Microporous material; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Substrate (aquarium); Membrane technology; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006729949,0.001145408,0.001187651,0.002086655,0.0001958823,0.0009251067,0.001053789,0.0009990233,0.001279173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005819391,0.0005928826,0.0005806659,0.002136035,0.0003203639,0.001645135,0.0006000141,0.001089848,0.0009386439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000435318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006332684,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005718354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001263082,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997484,0.00001787486,0.00003455808,0.00005928036,0.0001132107,0.00002659574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996388,0.0001300556,0.00009367211,0.00001788736,0.00009652078,0.00002304248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009531925,0.0002051176,0.0002928366,0.02800905,0.0001689771,0.0003486593,0.00008803215,0.001076578,0.08621001,0.004718434,0.008058928,0.870728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003399426,0.0005426633,0.001842261,0.002833086,0.0003618343,0.001790582,0.00009690205,0.0009741347,0.08531217,0.001430354,0.9046853,0.00009679971],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00166322,0.9953974,0.001337778,0.0001272255,0.0001776231,0.00001601556,0.00005255148,0.00001984191,0.001208406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004018112,0.9925452,0.001851336,0.00009667053,0.0001025686,0.00001745682,0.00007875795,0.000005872236,0.001283973],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002086655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004279256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03868580030049668,"score_gpt":0.2680773575670923,"score_spread":0.2293915572665956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}