{"id":"W2946393585","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.05.007","title":"Time-resolved refractive index matched PIV measurements inside and downstream of a 90° bend","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Vortex; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Optics; Amplitude; Secondary flow; Physics; Pipe flow; Materials science; Turbulence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001706424,0.0001469836,0.0001748811,0.00008248703,0.00007252372,0.00004191797,0.0001481614,0.0000403766,0.0001117963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004752796,0.0001259286,0.00002406073,0.0001570497,0.0002903311,0.000327095,0.0001139424,0.0000721073,0.0000225276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004675744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001850487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003780791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001017845,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990502,0.0000103896,0.0001625826,0.0002457145,0.0003020349,0.0002290591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996597,0.00001344958,0.00002680691,0.0001670652,0.00002802178,0.0001049998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002884604,0.00003916396,0.002434698,0.00001042538,0.00001454819,0.000001046963,0.0008376291,0.0009700951,0.9947688,0.0001206874,0.000008496541,0.0007655384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009267218,0.0001839109,0.02038405,0.00004968395,0.000005808405,0.000008860622,0.0003905991,0.2993181,0.6783674,0.00003598348,0.00005793316,0.0002709548],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890186,0.0008857498,0.00001991868,0.000008301375,0.0001395627,0.0001848893,0.000007287221,0.00003703755,0.009698642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996247,0.00001882718,0.0001887364,0.00002470319,0.00001493428,0.000007362069,0.000001767066,0.00001268458,0.0001062874],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3164014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5135219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0100013905792898,"score_gpt":0.2184844999510329,"score_spread":0.2084831093717431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}