{"id":"W2946744409","doi":"10.3390/fishes4020031","title":"Positive Welfare for Fishes: Rationale and Areas for Future Study","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fishes","topic":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University","keywords":"Welfare; Lagging; Agency (philosophy); Fish <Actinopterygii>; Public economics; Psychology; Environmental resource management; Fishery; Political science; Biology; Economics; Medicine; Social science; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0260826,0.001670277,0.001370863,0.00267812,0.00239613,0.006685574,0.005148631,0.006687841,0.008375779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01797853,0.0004539443,0.001494593,0.002230531,0.0137907,0.008013044,0.004344745,0.005449112,0.00163747],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006539278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01726495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003903851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00804111,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9935614,0.003309986,0.0006092345,0.0009503063,0.001212416,0.0003567284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9809505,0.008951084,0.001826488,0.0009957412,0.005845797,0.001430521],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007389106,0.001675232,0.02680128,0.02368267,0.0001951725,0.00192995,0.004854644,0.001223209,0.003935427,0.3551757,0.02945888,0.5503289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001464601,0.003451865,0.05924171,0.05277547,0.0006845646,0.002724176,0.04176933,0.003785514,0.004054523,0.4193217,0.4116047,0.0004398631],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02886692,0.2712771,0.03913101,0.5859433,0.006170689,0.003010312,0.0009701725,0.0003131219,0.06431737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4018521,0.3353497,0.1183763,0.106061,0.008701899,0.00892476,0.0007614213,0.0001556366,0.01981715],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0260826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1379396,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03773798125358414,"score_gpt":0.3141342949881252,"score_spread":0.276396313734541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}