{"id":"W2950668898","doi":"10.1534/genetics.116.193979","title":"Widespread Historical Contingency in Influenza Viruses","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Genetics","topic":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Virology; Viral evolution; Genetics; Contingency; H5N1 genetic structure; Influenza A virus; Evolutionary biology; Virus; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Genome; Gene; Disease; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001996429,0.000126497,0.0002558409,0.0001570845,0.0000403917,0.000006548894,0.0001053643,0.00008338402,0.0001105197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001211703,0.00008338829,0.00005488019,0.0001829901,0.0000940576,0.00004471395,0.0001112622,0.00012301,0.000266059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005096785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001066494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006989344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001038266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986927,0.0000419267,0.0003105137,0.0002229305,0.0003324711,0.000399444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991878,0.0001918171,0.00004420993,0.0003107997,0.0001428454,0.0001225848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002137741,0.0001154895,0.8055394,0.00004414593,0.00004458261,0.00006881542,0.0003254923,0.000002132665,0.1462586,0.0001528972,0.009720935,0.03751376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002722924,0.0003148055,0.2239131,0.000174564,0.00002629708,0.000009599557,0.00002831734,0.000007566231,0.0390746,0.0002821092,0.7332607,0.0001854175],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872636,0.006831242,0.0001196882,0.001000775,0.0001860938,0.0002996137,0.000006363456,0.0000589282,0.004233721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907771,0.001691507,0.002663441,0.002553147,0.0003220295,0.00006038336,4.674313e-7,0.00004144928,0.001890419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7235398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3419739,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1673047091916703,"score_gpt":0.403976300639327,"score_spread":0.2366715914476567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}