{"id":"W2950677114","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115679","title":"A closer look on the development and commercialization of membrane contactors for mass transfer and separation processes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis","keywords":"Commercialization; Contactor; Desalination; Modularity (biology); Process engineering; Modular design; Scale (ratio); Mass transfer; Environmental science; Engineering; Computer science; Business; Membrane; Chemistry; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000240466,0.0001462622,0.0001879525,0.0002387607,0.00009726796,0.00003535907,0.0000691731,0.0001945539,0.0000239591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004353997,0.0001230849,0.00001292427,0.0002539004,0.00007801806,0.0001588107,0.000005534226,0.00008619795,0.000005053432],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002079143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003811742,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001018933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001642793,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999185,0.00003045696,0.000360633,0.0002112845,0.0001053949,0.0001072697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994434,0.0001378387,0.00006883797,0.0001721282,0.0001504256,0.00002735283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001901517,0.00006873482,0.002288694,0.001120859,0.00008421901,1.126699e-7,0.003072421,0.0006395479,0.6963636,0.285752,0.0006572044,0.009762462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005262044,0.0001475583,0.000463291,0.00004341884,0.00001746673,0.000002230372,0.0003173408,0.008739699,0.9708351,0.001505216,0.01722498,0.0001774314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8953118,0.0003634075,0.1008323,0.001072778,0.00005912689,0.001452894,0.00001517748,0.0002825047,0.0006099881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974131,0.000311273,0.001606222,0.00009290793,0.0000107706,0.0003111736,0.00008308583,0.00001822479,0.0001532425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2842468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5019255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01802821862149164,"score_gpt":0.2671256436302061,"score_spread":0.2490974250087144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}