{"id":"W2951844636","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2020/03/023","title":"Coordinate independent approach to the calculation of the effects of local structure on the luminosity distance","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","topic":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Luminosity; Luminosity distance; Geodesic; Curvature; Magnetic monopole; Coordinate system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001074222,0.00008322623,0.0001846636,0.000005868781,0.00009271229,0.000009360373,0.0001972128,0.00001923811,0.000003419087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001299718,0.0000382312,0.00008761745,0.0001193838,0.0001602863,0.00004240626,0.00005717168,0.0002469739,4.283167e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006277766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002658074,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009854467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.258323e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999331,0.0001041156,0.0002101316,0.00007723613,0.0001667696,0.0001107397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994126,0.0001137647,0.0002169012,0.0001228046,0.00008504435,0.00004888497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004693695,0.0004409771,0.8091329,0.00007191831,0.0003237358,0.000002333707,0.003655926,0.02013845,0.044351,0.09616566,0.000913122,0.02433465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001146456,0.0007066779,0.7334349,0.00005812017,0.0001641062,0.000005703755,0.0009990305,0.002826344,0.2522709,0.008036885,0.0002318622,0.0001190364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.930886,0.00002901147,0.06704081,0.001804814,0.00007162875,0.0001280975,0.000008024282,9.317132e-7,0.00003064752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995885,4.27801e-7,0.00006612523,0.000186552,0.0001468221,0.000001550131,4.97859e-7,0.000004534724,0.00000497811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2079199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1559023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008830512120367843,"score_gpt":0.2090295866514793,"score_spread":0.2001990745311115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}