{"id":"W2954554639","doi":"10.3138/cmlr.2017-0146","title":"Willingness to Communicate and Second Language Speech Fluency: An Investigation of Affective and Cognitive Dynamics","year":2019,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Modern Language Review/ La Revue canadienne des langues vivantes","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Political science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009528249,0.0004075128,0.00077051,0.0002735018,0.000351803,0.0001675685,0.0002864904,0.0001665688,0.0004003093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004215747,0.000432658,0.0000817885,0.0001703552,0.0006661183,0.0003713237,0.00008098627,0.0005558198,0.00002051201],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003331465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001816171,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4481817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9235711,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997606,0.0006763391,0.0004215701,0.0005290766,0.00008548938,0.0006815437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975695,0.0004935443,0.0002332082,0.0004977816,0.0002258204,0.0009801185],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002361349,0.00003461852,0.01939213,0.0160402,0.0002776078,0.0005408077,0.6840684,0.00001078911,0.002426516,0.0125769,0.0001445113,0.2644639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003043329,0.002660293,0.1402377,0.1573311,0.002888595,0.002419351,0.594947,0.02305467,0.0006407264,0.003278211,0.06371901,0.005780082],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.790341,0.20352,0.00001592938,0.0005544283,0.0001478302,0.0006675667,0.001588299,0.00003174975,0.00313316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98699,0.005089857,0.0003894377,0.00110338,0.0001860543,0.00002321515,0.0005170603,0.00009300985,0.005607988],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4753894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01266987493323967,"score_gpt":0.2349333687681955,"score_spread":0.2222634938349559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}