{"id":"W2955263810","doi":"10.3390/nano9070920","title":"Contrast Enhancement for Portal Imaging in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo Phantom Evaluation Using Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomaterials","topic":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; University Health Network; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Imaging phantom; Materials science; Monte Carlo method; Colloidal gold; Photon; Photon energy; Truebeam; Contrast (vision); Nanoparticle; Beam (structure); Optics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Linear particle accelerator; Physics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001290521,0.0004849544,0.0003919282,0.0005163975,0.0001998627,0.0005552968,0.0004505874,0.000540779,0.0006234317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003106869,0.0004561722,0.0004270143,0.0004146654,0.0002490805,0.0003004086,0.0002731312,0.0002821656,0.0001209974],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007092384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005238011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002631541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001700574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997131,0.0001341603,0.00001312114,0.00002440802,0.00009227775,0.00002292327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983801,0.001192025,0.0001369925,0.00007294863,0.0001790592,0.00003899739],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001213595,0.0002743728,0.008930339,0.0003040466,0.0001298196,0.0004933065,0.0004165639,0.583518,0.3734142,0.002379906,0.0003139561,0.02861196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004787755,0.0004296023,0.00301263,0.0000178324,0.00006141036,0.0003776629,0.00003287963,0.8512824,0.143586,0.0003044166,0.0007983953,0.00004885249],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7219821,0.00104066,0.2733149,0.0001704381,0.00002620247,0.0002266996,0.0001314579,0.0008177613,0.002289936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8998328,0.0004893159,0.09834523,0.00005227487,0.000004126747,0.00008174963,0.00008022749,0.0001596036,0.0009546581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002631541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00682497,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01356383946095027,"score_gpt":0.3023799613664366,"score_spread":0.2888161219054863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}