{"id":"W2958600565","doi":"10.1111/ele.13344","title":"Fear of humans as apex predators has landscape‐scale impacts from mountain lions to mice","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Ecology Letters","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":453,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Apex predator; Foraging; Predation; Ecology; Wildlife; Predator; Habitat; Geography; Trophic level; Scale (ratio); Trophic cascade; Biology; Cartography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002258887,0.0003679311,0.0005395746,0.0001685644,0.0001951193,0.00003266631,0.000727671,0.001033403,0.00801954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009706512,0.0003824186,0.0001612096,0.0002291633,0.0003757801,0.0001797831,0.0003166841,0.001085144,0.009110134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003111734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007970048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001845688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003293677,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975921,0.0002845881,0.0004411151,0.000757778,0.0002740723,0.0006503602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983849,0.0005641037,0.0003214945,0.000626697,0.00001235416,0.0000904284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001899387,0.00002806122,0.3930127,0.000008155357,0.00006637349,0.00004459964,0.0002695261,0.0002089251,0.001575074,5.843777e-7,0.6047589,0.000008128499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000402205,0.0001910957,0.7525687,0.00002168332,0.0001183701,0.000008447292,0.00004677501,0.00003633876,0.0001497677,0.00007873752,0.2460085,0.0003693913],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.575821,0.000005370961,0.00002469475,0.4219391,0.0006281406,0.0004016321,0.00009016227,0.00003317139,0.00105675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1131664,0.000004469885,0.0005142878,0.8825315,0.0007183743,0.00006766601,0.0005089521,0.00005307864,0.002435273],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4626547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008705121872430334,"score_gpt":0.2099474765114802,"score_spread":0.2012423546390499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}