{"id":"W2959070482","doi":"10.3390/su11133750","title":"Education Development in China: Education Return, Quality, and Equity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"China Scholarship Council; University of Toronto","keywords":"China; Economic growth; Equity (law); Poverty; Prosperity; Political science; Sustainable development; Comparative education; Development economics; Higher education; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002406934,0.0000860872,0.0001311857,0.00008025133,0.0001973497,0.00008067819,0.0001405814,0.00008130905,0.0001717175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002115982,0.00007959587,0.00002359176,0.0002635876,0.000135716,0.0004157468,0.0000951546,0.0001072236,0.00001135357],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002705552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01429944,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02915306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003851526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986345,0.0002153649,0.0003020854,0.0002502354,0.0003224298,0.0002753983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989384,0.0000648706,0.0000883052,0.0001790431,0.0006174934,0.0001119105],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009566329,0.0002543114,0.4862489,0.0001474173,0.000001578379,2.498189e-8,0.0190913,5.578793e-7,0.000003496499,0.423531,0.0001961099,0.0705158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005299524,0.000009462674,0.7080251,0.00001434512,8.699642e-7,1.391802e-7,0.04590134,7.664636e-7,0.00000842029,0.187903,0.05799665,0.00008690191],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.93907,0.0001838915,0.000003888617,0.008421053,0.0005072267,0.000578618,0.000001023828,0.00002154329,0.05121275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925726,0.00002061184,0.0002160024,0.0003090865,0.00008908794,0.00006897092,0.00001428671,0.000003894651,0.006705483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2356279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9912885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02583541245164803,"score_gpt":0.4167772651296426,"score_spread":0.3909418526779945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}