{"id":"W2959661790","doi":"10.1109/tcsii.2019.2928789","title":"Analysis and Design of an All-Digital ∆Σ TDC via Time-Mode Signal Processing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs","topic":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Effective number of bits; Electronic engineering; Time-to-digital converter; Integrator; CMOS; Bandwidth (computing); Digital delay line; Computer science; Digital signal processing; Signal processing; Engineering; Digital signal; Clock signal; Jitter; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001065423,0.0002657973,0.0004734542,0.0003636909,0.0001168067,0.00008997344,0.000243464,0.0001664574,0.00003678027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001597919,0.0002656677,0.00008736314,0.0004498644,0.00007544294,0.0007713496,0.00000292998,0.000203991,0.00001726874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005998772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003353012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002248311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985836,0.00003317716,0.0004241372,0.0003648305,0.0002913493,0.0003028798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992959,0.0000717259,0.00009438086,0.000389027,0.00006810991,0.00008082129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001314527,0.00009773748,0.00004852148,0.0001835327,0.0004630721,0.000002872403,0.0004877269,0.8172868,0.1116317,0.00000474519,0.00001204079,0.06976804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007610084,0.0003869172,0.00005287609,0.0002545129,0.0004521832,0.00003533152,0.0003904292,0.8899087,0.1064024,0.00006079647,0.0006290771,0.0006657664],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1150631,0.000237562,0.8832819,0.000002942289,0.0001487058,0.0004062511,0.0001036923,0.0005243422,0.000231407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988022,0.00002582039,0.0006045022,0.000006878929,0.00002109032,0.000072857,0.000009693891,0.00004620824,0.0004107361],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8837391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999796,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01354969548675009,"score_gpt":0.2331913568712721,"score_spread":0.219641661384522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}