{"id":"W2960343410","doi":"10.1039/c9en00666d","title":"Comparing TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle formulations: stability and photoreactivity are key factors in acute toxicity to <i>Daphnia magna</i>","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Nano","topic":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Daphnia magna; Nanoparticle; Titanium dioxide; Biota; Toxicity; Environmental chemistry; Daphnia; Nanotoxicology; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Ecology; Metallurgy; Biology; Crustacean; Organic chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007249544,0.0001657104,0.0002236904,0.00007736083,0.0003116507,0.0001314584,0.0003069469,0.00003937108,0.0001473004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003835808,0.0001491007,0.00003348178,0.0004241018,0.0003674413,0.0009013993,0.0003048794,0.00007302373,0.0003185673],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003405752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002802615,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006901666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001142939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980825,0.00005215864,0.0002814426,0.0006467008,0.0004524678,0.0004847386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991466,0.00008966152,0.0001067405,0.0004117225,0.000007824108,0.0002374081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001036655,0.0001509163,0.3039567,0.000002519843,7.034104e-7,3.119484e-7,0.0002905485,0.00003484878,0.6953478,0.00004453641,0.000002107229,0.0001586167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001220771,0.00002825167,0.4208782,0.000008793759,0.0000036551,9.663202e-7,0.0001677295,0.0003013198,0.5782928,0.00006109219,0.00002113603,0.0001139276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989782,0.00001293812,0.00003298215,0.000101147,0.00007367102,0.0006303998,0.00004702973,0.00003832005,0.00008529899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953,0.000006928568,0.0003078987,0.00007141486,0.000007938617,0.00005707627,0.000001945406,0.000009498076,0.000007355299],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.117055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6080149,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01480879736546097,"score_gpt":0.2215918303605865,"score_spread":0.2067830329951255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}