{"id":"W2961673744","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01570","title":"If Birds Have Sesamoid Bones, Do Blackbirds Have Sesamoid Bones? The Modification Effect With Known Compound Words","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Psychology","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Brock University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Sesamoid bone; Head (geology); Inference; Property (philosophy); Similarity (geometry); Contrast (vision); Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Computer science; Communication; Evolutionary biology; Biology; Cognitive psychology; Image (mathematics); Epistemology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00150866,0.0005659466,0.0004792598,0.0003933333,0.0002893324,0.0009417568,0.0005383996,0.001032733,0.008915726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02155247,0.0004381399,0.0004289486,0.0002422783,0.001158676,0.003461671,0.001123529,0.000896466,0.0005463166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003673512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000138453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001170706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001344635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998558,0.0003378061,0.0001148543,0.0006190786,0.0002946577,0.00007559142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9725984,0.01964444,0.004890671,0.001659277,0.0005167993,0.0006903437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0212349,0.001500269,0.3719312,0.002423156,0.001038069,0.001712805,0.01718897,0.00134312,0.4605461,0.006811247,0.001473616,0.1127966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003340592,0.003191555,0.9472156,0.0001529678,0.0006149384,0.001384784,0.003189554,0.003092896,0.02905313,0.008286577,0.003368034,0.0001157539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933558,0.0003068494,0.001132765,0.0001519781,0.00002560659,0.00002267874,0.00009686839,0.00003163024,0.004875964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997507,0.0001105133,0.001613543,0.0001094984,0.0000149478,0.00001600715,0.000140256,0.00001971344,0.000468405],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008915726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02982605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01125961435030012,"score_gpt":0.2916803622153682,"score_spread":0.2804207478650681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}