{"id":"W2963618904","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101954","title":"Multi-study validation of data-driven disease progression models to characterize evolution of biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NeuroImage Clinical","topic":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"UCLH Biomedical Research Centre; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institute of Mental Health; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Genentech; IXICO; H. Lundbeck A/S; Servier; Innovative Medicines Initiative; Eisai; National Institute on Aging; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; Pfizer; Biogen; BioClinica; National Center for Research Resources; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; National Institutes of Health; Virginia Information Technologies Agency; University of Southern California; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; U.S. Department of Defense; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Amsterdam Neuroscience; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Horizon 2020; Fujirebio Europe; European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research And Development; European Commission; AbbVie; Alzheimer's Association; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; GE Healthcare; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Medical Research Council; Meso Scale Diagnostics","keywords":"Neuroimaging; Disease; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Dementia; Cognition; Medicine; Clinical trial; Alzheimer's disease; Psychology; Internal medicine; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001030147,0.0001373593,0.0003891682,0.0002215291,0.00001800859,0.00001185906,0.0002723438,0.00004249991,0.0000864627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006277349,0.0001176818,0.0001108322,0.0003116671,0.00010311,0.0003810603,0.0004246815,0.0001893273,0.00004215701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002301256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002623721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002742192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002554892,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972054,0.0004818977,0.0008021399,0.0006596643,0.0006217094,0.0002291773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980699,0.0001858039,0.0001937421,0.0009066328,0.0002195783,0.0004243666],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005026762,0.006426477,0.9725973,0.00009296286,0.00009776586,0.0000936792,0.00004215147,0.00001681698,0.007228007,0.000002436817,0.00005384083,0.008321777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004394813,0.001323805,0.9529456,0.0002232437,0.0003029794,5.26011e-7,0.0000680684,0.04039949,0.0002190457,0.00001071507,0.00002200027,0.00008966452],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957161,0.00006685612,0.0004894938,0.0003844724,0.0001211987,0.002986695,0.0001582472,0.00002152933,0.00005542305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986794,0.00002159693,0.0008026374,0.00007879992,0.00003840557,0.00004984801,0.0002813197,0.00002095493,0.00002706217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04038267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4798926,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2022682551915828,"score_gpt":0.4580217767876674,"score_spread":0.2557535215960846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}