{"id":"W2964409475","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v20i4.4224","title":"Teaching and Learning Without a Textbook","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Open Education and E-Learning","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Open educational resources; Open education; Computer science; Educational technology; The Internet; Mobile device; Multimedia; Mathematics education; Psychology; World Wide Web","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01093084,0.0001007259,0.0002385175,0.0001458531,0.0003759809,0.0005586827,0.00151323,0.0000320876,0.0001791511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002594397,0.00007386369,0.00003030959,0.0003287474,0.00009512631,0.0006381726,0.001758786,0.001897179,0.0000740035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006430665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000151065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000676723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006163827,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996933,0.001570383,0.0003128207,0.0003326824,0.0005959233,0.0002551546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981812,0.001149061,0.0001576555,0.000214622,0.0002129046,0.00008452585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009172783,0.0001968387,0.3548447,0.00237846,0.00009684983,0.00001440454,0.004435559,0.0006391543,0.0007518001,0.3230294,0.00183699,0.3116842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001952786,0.0004762999,0.05704385,0.02003809,0.00001269865,0.0001387811,0.02472489,0.07916596,0.00006913755,0.003563337,0.8123097,0.0005044686],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4708109,0.01831327,0.004332507,0.0706668,0.0004470569,0.002739033,0.000006323085,0.0001118413,0.4325722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865611,0.006027237,0.001123696,0.0003019499,0.00003129114,0.00003206442,0.00002306951,0.000008143253,0.005891453],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8104727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8242402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05724753938378074,"score_gpt":0.4287608999805251,"score_spread":0.3715133605967444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}