{"id":"W2966292470","doi":"10.1075/itl.19009.hei","title":"A longitudinal observation of technology-mediated feedback for L2 learners of German","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ITL Review of Applied Linguistics","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"German; Grammar; Computer science; Corrective feedback; Repetition (rhetorical device); Set (abstract data type); Mathematics education; Focus on form; Focus (optics); Language acquisition; Second-language acquisition; Computer-Assisted Instruction; Linguistics; Psychology; Multimedia; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000471141,0.0001178319,0.0004956267,0.0001012319,0.00004626641,0.000006599711,0.0001698404,0.00006330559,0.0001858998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00125363,0.0001035877,0.0001029051,0.00008192883,0.0001563803,0.000009026933,0.00002970845,0.0001766638,0.00002428293],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001307801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004618776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001824368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005565386,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989846,0.00001360471,0.0005547403,0.0001509704,0.0001610694,0.0001350686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985641,0.0001837307,0.0006053791,0.0002499364,0.0003765961,0.00002025264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004559751,0.0001010147,0.001413701,0.02277389,0.00008999553,3.051209e-7,0.003451539,0.00003506258,0.0007488772,0.9628901,0.001404719,0.007045155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005209225,0.0002243374,0.0001651207,0.006116444,0.0001923851,3.106852e-7,0.001052557,0.0002662357,0.000751752,0.002904784,0.9876009,0.0002042712],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5988764,0.03089677,0.0003381261,0.0005201719,0.001855284,0.003412094,0.0002520911,0.0002822777,0.3635668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994872,0.001492426,0.002552731,0.00009611616,0.0002452983,0.00001662462,0.00008351649,0.00002358166,0.0006176804],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9861962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4224183,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03763011947330012,"score_gpt":0.2929596796025284,"score_spread":0.2553295601292283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}