{"id":"W2966300648","doi":"10.1177/1940161219865746","title":"Book Review: <i>Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism</i> NobleSafiya UmojaAlgorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism. New York: New York University Press, 2018. 256 p. $28.00 (paperback). ISBN: 9781479837243","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Press/Politics","topic":"Social Media and Politics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Oppression; Racism; Sociology; Computer science; Gender studies; Political science; Law; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001539556,0.0004723535,0.001021949,0.0002178487,0.0003613186,0.0002362896,0.003539406,0.0004204367,0.0007526114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001151951,0.0003816955,0.0006186371,0.0003970523,0.0007746738,0.001170325,0.0005897036,0.001156609,0.00001833484],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003509642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002368081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002421821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008914273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9932095,0.0006917277,0.001079958,0.0003780756,0.003679371,0.0009613908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931124,0.001959503,0.001303581,0.0007308622,0.002035399,0.0008582753],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002374298,0.000121298,0.0002113171,0.000546696,0.0005909778,0.00006035295,0.01281015,0.001567289,0.001041922,0.01837138,0.9601367,0.00430449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00171494,0.0002165087,0.00005383017,0.00288461,0.0002480694,0.00006260267,0.005135376,0.00110646,0.01819855,0.0004353345,0.9695083,0.0004353572],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02401613,0.6666706,0.009958035,0.2045557,0.02922851,0.00633914,0.001648347,0.0003878585,0.05719561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08795127,0.2355084,0.007788926,0.005398811,0.02312889,0.00001103164,0.0001163573,0.0002198079,0.6398765],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5826809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998635,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0425803295453295,"score_gpt":0.300611024188612,"score_spread":0.2580306946432825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}