{"id":"W2966554043","doi":"10.2118/191188-pa","title":"Effect of Temperature, Phase Change, and Chemical Additives on Wettability Alteration During Steam Applications in Sands and Carbonates","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Contact angle; Materials science; Quartz; Surface tension; Carbonate; Saturation (graph theory); Phase (matter); Petroleum engineering; Mineralogy; Composite material; Chemistry; Geology; Metallurgy; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005526789,0.0001738281,0.0002366729,0.0002019791,0.00001532741,0.00002039184,0.00005896322,0.0001000375,0.0000191635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013267,0.0001726403,0.00002639653,0.0002144945,0.00001587689,0.0002410577,0.00002708161,0.0001853767,0.000001081288],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007647991,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006082785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003868012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999109,0.00004856776,0.0002303903,0.0002327297,0.0002245491,0.0001548219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994223,0.0002535546,0.0000319219,0.0001993532,0.00004796304,0.00004493516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005683863,0.00003192744,0.002770517,0.0009940251,0.00002221459,3.418461e-7,0.0002360127,0.04573812,0.9436911,0.00008371475,0.000002895916,0.006372264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009882568,0.0001517314,0.009062237,0.0002331801,0.00001424187,0.000001302232,0.00001221963,0.1814148,0.8078899,0.00004857977,0.00002800591,0.0001554452],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974042,0.0009467897,0.000100298,0.00001040054,0.00004443948,0.0011093,0.0000214239,0.0001463489,0.0002168266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987829,0.0002385307,0.0003201596,0.000001457062,0.00004809192,0.000521746,0.00005464533,0.00002853249,0.000003922796],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1358012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7040067,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.010697236716488,"score_gpt":0.2854832873420721,"score_spread":0.2747860506255841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}