{"id":"W2966752661","doi":"10.1093/law/9780190664817.003.0020","title":"The Spending Power in Canada","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Oxford University Press eBooks","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Legitimacy; Legislature; Constitution; Political science; Separation of powers; Jurisdiction; Enforcement; Law and economics; Politics; Law; Power (physics); Scope (computer science); Federalism; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008827493,0.0003580743,0.00034229,0.002300113,0.01162503,0.007743968,0.0008220565,0.001142283,0.01185749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002327734,0.0002832859,0.0002301712,0.005062527,0.009953371,0.001099951,0.002143291,0.00243237,0.0005737071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1350313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1626961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9890688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9940991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979365,0.0001610882,0.00002668929,0.000171672,0.0009371137,0.0007670069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998983,0.00018116,0.00004137836,0.00005544196,0.0004700623,0.0002690022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009133504,0.000003602859,0.0008875011,0.00004031874,0.000006143645,0.00007547137,0.00447158,0.0004055613,0.0001171222,0.9482054,0.03095149,0.01482665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008890416,0.000004423115,0.006186552,0.000264208,0.00001757464,0.000045456,0.003232432,0.0003809136,0.000189712,0.04491339,0.9447267,0.00002972379],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.03208437,0.009134181,0.0009731072,0.01926439,0.0003125327,0.00002834307,0.0005067665,0.00004329421,0.9376529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7953738,0.009104606,0.000704993,0.003270696,0.0001720796,0.00003763326,0.0002983631,0.00007167144,0.1909661],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1350313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9797249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02645317152795824,"score_gpt":0.2292542538071569,"score_spread":0.2028010822791987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}