{"id":"W2966987088","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.07.036","title":"Vanadium and its isotope composition of river water and seawater: Analytical improvement and implications for vanadium isotope fractionation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Horizon 2020; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Seawater; Vanadium; Environmental chemistry; Isotope fractionation; Isotope; Geology; Isotopes of oxygen; Stable isotope ratio; Fractionation; Water column; Redox; Oceanography; Mineralogy; Geochemistry; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007737404,0.00007812087,0.0001451991,0.00003394369,0.00005868866,0.00001012437,0.00004401974,0.00007736605,0.0005333548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007071849,0.00006012282,0.00002374844,0.0000369802,0.00009631462,0.0000822002,0.00002262439,0.00005295542,0.000009217458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004067673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005767035,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003846684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006001992,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994007,0.000009188688,0.0001540468,0.0002255165,0.00004459298,0.0001660056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996914,0.00006179872,0.00003639287,0.00006730075,0.00005232328,0.00009079841],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009417188,0.0000376336,0.493194,0.0001430559,0.00009224784,4.56545e-7,0.0001158055,0.00005749887,0.5002118,0.0005118868,0.0001702357,0.005371199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00165117,0.0004283371,0.4453165,0.00001332822,0.0002306318,0.00006047301,0.0001608909,0.04459746,0.4929172,0.009570989,0.004653621,0.0003994508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970306,0.00009074375,0.00006108495,0.002058823,0.00002364131,0.0001758878,0.000051449,0.000005350941,0.0005024651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986503,0.00003331399,0.0002037737,0.0001977116,0.0000254258,0.000004372262,0.0006552993,0.000001439472,0.0002284197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04787747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5839861,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007678303880992349,"score_gpt":0.2109060539890279,"score_spread":0.2032277501080356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}