{"id":"W2969545547","doi":"10.1111/gcb.14804","title":"Extensive land cover change across Arctic–Boreal Northwestern North America from disturbance and climate forcing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global Change Biology","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":205,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Boreal; Climate change; Arctic; Land cover; Environmental science; Forcing (mathematics); Taiga; Climatology; Physical geography; Geography; Land use; Ecology; Oceanography; Geology; Forestry; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003153007,0.0001934809,0.0001990138,0.0007019383,0.0005268227,0.0006039758,0.0001770886,0.0001992865,0.0008142301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004351823,0.0001031867,0.0002453669,0.0006681822,0.000309363,0.0002191917,0.0003686255,0.0001729384,0.00007048403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009987064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006388982,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.21374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3738968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999879,0.00001631504,0.00000957138,0.00004047978,0.00002892877,0.00002563717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999598,0.00005113174,0.0001358214,0.0000315121,0.00009481247,0.00008865671],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006126311,0.00004133494,0.9903859,0.00002214573,0.0001064072,0.0001210314,0.0001636437,0.001620022,0.002712292,0.00006533402,0.0005207153,0.004180041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001337781,0.00000441562,0.9991013,0.00000327241,0.000007278149,0.00002316755,0.0001086092,0.0004271301,0.00005741553,0.00001110127,0.0002529314,0.000002092677],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986141,0.0001166426,0.0000560068,0.00003528453,0.000006670635,0.00000232517,0.0005894242,0.000009986638,0.0005695159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992188,0.00006398709,0.00006769838,0.00001877797,0.00000672133,0.000003302055,0.0005170894,0.000001520562,0.0001021905],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.78626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4249918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03958568213401742,"score_gpt":0.2667052196032205,"score_spread":0.227119537469203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}