{"id":"W2970429782","doi":"","title":"The Language Identification Problem","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Literature, Language, and Rhetoric Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Formant; Linguistics; Variation (astronomy); Computer science; Spoken language; Identification (biology); Parsing; Natural language processing; Speech recognition; Artificial intelligence; Vowel","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0098032,0.001150009,0.002548988,0.002972768,0.004878831,0.006337745,0.004531638,0.006494293,0.01921284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06986166,0.001051569,0.001183873,0.003133782,0.006261607,0.01528242,0.00844516,0.005621257,0.01039365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001338837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002382305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002336609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009132526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9803727,0.006590977,0.001196609,0.007808604,0.003249754,0.0007812493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9366378,0.04674944,0.002563312,0.008165386,0.005372457,0.0005115963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003190415,0.00008623867,0.005308121,0.000968273,0.0001348004,0.001562971,0.003439867,0.002642125,0.001712799,0.5010895,0.08112766,0.4016086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006135755,0.00004973381,0.0009387218,0.0003238156,0.00005398862,0.003842098,0.002701943,0.017649,0.002115692,0.8664166,0.105756,0.00009098525],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02630918,0.0090375,0.8224255,0.06150381,0.004220507,0.0002846011,0.001738301,0.002212983,0.07226758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.488478,0.006954255,0.4059067,0.02442146,0.007447792,0.001121928,0.004259626,0.001338091,0.06007199],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01921284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06427336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01018338118936403,"score_gpt":0.2988145544415996,"score_spread":0.2886311732522356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}