{"id":"W2970886417","doi":"10.1007/s11356-019-06234-3","title":"Toxicity of the aquatic herbicide, reward®, to the northwestern salamander","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of the Fraser Valley; Ministry of Environment; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Amphibian; Larva; Ecotoxicology; Bioassay; Toxicology; Biology; Toxicity; Salamander; Pesticide; Acute toxicity; Aquatic ecosystem; PEST analysis; Active ingredient; Chlorpyrifos; Zoology; Ecology; Botany; Chemistry; Pharmacology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007578615,0.0001542595,0.0001293117,0.0002441413,0.0002819375,0.0003118273,0.0002473104,0.0003611281,0.00144713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001831176,0.00009482434,0.0001673252,0.0001085693,0.0002986194,0.0001228173,0.0002141967,0.0003644677,0.0001650401],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009401526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004378694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05883109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08711492,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999424,0.000008505468,0.000003521586,0.00001558308,0.00001375351,0.00001624472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999228,0.00001159368,0.00002723389,0.000005034622,0.00001631311,0.00001713311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002466252,0.0001676942,0.06624751,0.00008844728,0.00009747087,0.0006240594,0.0003541184,0.001473965,0.9096054,0.0002656501,0.0006127683,0.01799672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002345145,0.01912157,0.5311386,0.00007002556,0.0003536656,0.001419811,0.002158619,0.007252288,0.4302808,0.0005133252,0.007411248,0.00004545669],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999288,0.0000507417,0.00005317077,0.00004245333,0.000002949583,0.000003733683,0.00007486347,0.000008294342,0.0004757793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974725,0.0001608819,0.000162848,0.00008243926,0.000001495852,0.000005192454,0.0001696683,0.000004201241,0.001940838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05883109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1169773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03578875528237465,"score_gpt":0.3285860699710836,"score_spread":0.292797314688709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}